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Laser Capture Microdissection of Mouse Embryonic Cartilage and Bone for Gene Expression Analysis
Published on: December 18, 2019
Sox9 regulates Papss2 mRNA expression through derepression of the transcriptional repressor, C/EBPβ, in chondrogenic
1Department of Cell Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Objectives:
Previously, we showed that Papss2 expression is regulated by Sox9 in primary chondrocytes and a chondrogenic cell line, ATDC5. Here we explore molecular mechanisms whereby Sox9 regulates mouse Papss2 mRNA expression.
Methods:
Luciferase reporter assays were performed in ATDC5 cells to identify Sox9-responsive elements in the mouse Papss2 gene. Electromobility shift assays, mobility shift competition assays, and super shift assays were used to characterize protein binding to a 32bp Sox9-responsive element. Western blot and co-immunoprecipitation assays were used to determine the effects of Sox9 on C/EBPβ protein levels and binding of Sox9 to C/EBPβ.
Results:
An evolutionarily conserved 509bp Sox9-responsive DNA element was identified in the Papss2 gene, which was subsequently narrowed down to 32bp. Putative SoxE and C/EBPβ binding sites were identified within this 32bp. Increasing amounts of C/EBPβ resulted in attenuation of Sox9-mediated activation of the responsive element indicating C/EBPβ acts as a transcriptional repressor. Three protein-DNA complexes containing C/EBPβ were identified on the Sox9-responsive element under conditions when Papss2 expression was low. With high Sox9 expression, when Papss2 expression was stimulated, the formation of C/EBPβ containing protein-DNA complexes was inhibited, Sox9 and C/EBPβ protein-protein binding was observed, and overall cellular C/EBPβ protein levels were reduced.
Conclusion:
We propose that Sox9 acts to derepress C/EBPβ-inhibited transcription of Papss2 by first interacting with C/EBPβ to prevent it from binding DNA, then reducing C/EBPβ expression.
Insights
Sox9 regulates Papss2 gene expression by interacting with C/EBPβ, preventing its DNA binding and reducing its levels. This mechanism derepresses C/EBPβ-inhibited Papss2 transcription.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Gene Regulation
- Chondrogenesis
Background:
- Sox9 is a key regulator of chondrogenesis.
- Previous studies indicated Sox9 regulates Papss2 expression in chondrocytes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which Sox9 regulates mouse Papss2 mRNA expression.
Main Methods:
- Luciferase reporter assays in ATDC5 cells.
- Electromobility shift, competition, and super shift assays.
- Western blot and co-immunoprecipitation assays.
Main Results:
- Identified a conserved Sox9-responsive element in the Papss2 gene.
- C/EBPβ acts as a transcriptional repressor, inhibiting Sox9-mediated activation.
- Sox9 interacts with C/EBPβ, reducing its DNA binding and overall protein levels.
Conclusions:
- Sox9 derepresses C/EBPβ-inhibited Papss2 transcription.
- Sox9 prevents C/EBPβ binding to DNA and reduces C/EBPβ expression.
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