Antegrade Supraspinatus Advancement Yields Promising Clinical and Structural Outcomes for Retracted Irreducible...

To investigate the feasibility of the antegrade supraspinatus advancement (ASSA), which could be executed entirely arthroscopically without requiring a medial incision; to evaluate the impact of the ASSA on the lateral excursion of the torn end of the supraspinatus in retracted irreducible rotator cuff tears (RIRCTs); and to assess the safety and efficacy of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with the ASSA.

A total of 57 patients with RIRCTs who underwent the ASSA and were followed up for at least a year with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included. The RIRCT was defined as the lateral excursion grade C (coverage less than the medial half of the greater tuberosity) or D (exposure of the glenohumeral joint). Clinical outcomes assessed nerve injury, pain, range of motion, strength, functional scores, and overall satisfaction and function. Structural outcomes evaluated the retear rate, fatty infiltration, and muscle atrophy of the rotator cuff muscles. The baseline for these structural measurements was time-zero MRIs.

The ASSA was feasibly performed all arthroscopically without a medial incision. There was no suprascapular nerve injury during the follow-up. The ASSA increased lateral excursion of the torn end in 86% of the patients from C or D to A or B. The ASSA significantly reduced pain and improved function of the shoulder at the final follow-up. All 11 patients who had had pseudoparalysis prior to repair regained the ability to raise their arm. The retear rate after the ASSA was 18.4%.

This study demonstrated that the ASSA can be safely and effectively performed all arthroscopically, significantly increasing the lateral excursion of the supraspinatus, thereby ensuring successful rotator cuff repair. This leads to a superior quality of repair, which consequently results in better clinical and structural outcomes, including the reversal of pseudoparalysis.