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Related Concept Videos

Guidelines for Writing Outcome01:11

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

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When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...
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The healthcare system is constantly changing and complex. Various services are available from different healthcare providers, but gaining access to these services has become challenging for people with limited healthcare insurance. Uninsured people present a challenge to healthcare because they frequently postpone or forego treatment.
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The levels of care describe the services provided in the healthcare system. Accordingly, there are six levels of the traditional healthcare system in the US: preventive, primary, secondary, tertiary, restorative, and continuing healthcare. A nurse must understand how the healthcare industry organizes and provides services within these levels of care.
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Specialized care provided over an extended period is called tertiary care. Usually, a primary or secondary care physician will refer a patient to tertiary care. A patient's maximum physical and mental function is restored in tertiary care, which is caused due to the impact of a chronic illness or condition. Tertiary care aims to achieve the highest level of functioning possible while managing chronic illness. For example, a patient who falls and fractures their hip will need secondary care...
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Health Information Technology and Healthcare Information System

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Health Information Technology (HIT)
Health Information Technology, commonly called HIT, integrates advanced information systems and technology in healthcare settings. Its primary functions include:
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Outcomes for Very Preterm Infants Across Health Systems.

Jeannette A Rogowski1, Lucy Greenberg2, Erika M Edwards2,3,4

  • 1College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park.

JAMA Network Open
|June 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Variation exists in care for very preterm infants across US health systems. A 2-percentage point mortality difference and 12-day length of stay variation highlight opportunities for quality improvement in neonatal intensive care units.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Health Services Research
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Most very preterm infants in the US receive care within multihospital health systems due to consolidation.
  • The extent of outcome and length of stay variation for very preterm infants across these systems is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate variations in mortality and length of stay within and across health systems for infants born very preterm (gestational age 24-29 weeks).

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study analyzed data from 224 US health systems in the Vermont Oxford Network between January 2021 and December 2022.
  • Included 38,501 very preterm infants receiving neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) care.
  • Multilevel logistic and linear models estimated adjusted mortality rates and length of stay.

Main Results:

  • The highest performing quartile of systems had a mean adjusted mortality rate of 7.8%, compared to 9.8% in the lowest performing quartile.
  • Mean adjusted length of stay for surviving infants ranged from 78 days in the highest performing quartile to 90 days in the lowest.
  • A 2-percentage point difference in mortality and a 12-day difference in length of stay were observed between system quartiles.

Conclusions:

  • Significant, potentially clinically meaningful variations in mortality and length of stay exist for very preterm infants across US health systems.
  • Opportunities are present for health systems to enhance quality of care at the system level, aiming to reduce mortality and resource utilization.