Diabetes Progression and Its Impact on Kidney Cancer Risk: Insights From a Longitudinal Korean Cohort Study
Jin Yu1, Bongseong Kim2, Kyungdo Han2
1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|June 3, 2025
Summary
Diabetes progression significantly increases kidney cancer risk. Advanced diabetes, indicated by longer duration, chronic kidney disease, or diabetic retinopathy, elevates cancer hazards, emphasizing the need for targeted screening.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Oncology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Kidney cancer incidence is rising in Korea.
- Lifestyle and metabolic factors contribute to this trend.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the relationship between diabetes progression and kidney cancer risk.
Main Methods:
- Utilized South Korean National Health Information Database data from 2,365,294 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
- Assessed diabetes progression via a score (0-6) based on glucose-lowering drugs, duration, insulin use, and complications (CKD, DR, CVD).
- Monitored patients until 2022 for kidney cancer incidence (ICD-10 code C64).
Main Results:
- Prolonged diabetes duration, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR) were linked to higher kidney cancer hazard ratios (HRs).
- Kidney cancer risk progressively increased with higher diabetes progression scores.
- Adjusted HRs for kidney cancer ranged from 1.21 to 1.73 for scores 1-4+ compared to a score of 0.
Conclusions:
- Diabetes progression is strongly associated with increased kidney cancer risk.
- Highlights the importance of targeted screening for kidney cancer in advanced diabetes patients.
- Emphasizes the need for awareness programs for kidney cancer in individuals with advanced diabetes.
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