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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Insertion of Flexible Neural Probes Using Rigid Stiffeners Attached with Biodissolvable Adhesive

Insertion of Flexible Neural Probes Using Rigid Stiffeners Attached with Biodissolvable Adhesive

Published on: September 27, 2013

Hydrogel-Based Multifunctional Deep Brain Probe for Neural Sensing, Manipulation, and Therapy.

Zhihong Chen¹, Yusheng Zhang^1,2, Jie Ding¹

¹National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.

|June 3, 2025

Summary

Researchers developed a new hydrogel-based fiber for brain-machine interfaces. This flexible fiber enables neural sensing, deep brain stimulation, and photodynamic therapy for epilepsy treatment.

Keywords:

deep brain probe epilepsy treatment hydrogel fiber neural sensing and manipulation photodynamic strategy

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

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Area of Science:

Bioelectronic Devices
Materials Science
Neuroscience

Background:

Implantable deep brain probes (DBPs) are crucial for brain-machine interfaces, but current fabrication methods face material limitations.
Existing polymeric DBPs struggle to balance thermal stretching compatibility with brain tissue modulus, hindering performance.
Need for advanced materials enabling multifunctional neural sensing, modulation, and therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

Introduce a novel multifunctional hydrogel-based fiber (HybF) for neural sensing, deep brain manipulation, and photodynamic therapy.
Address limitations of current DBPs by developing a material compatible with brain tissue and fabrication processes.
Explore a new therapeutic strategy for epilepsy using spatiotemporally controlled photodynamic therapy.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of HybF using wet-spinning, integrating ion chelation/dechelation effects and templating.
Characterization of HybF's mechanical and electrical properties (low bending stiffness, high conductivity).
In vivo testing for neural sensing, optogenetic stimulation in rat hippocampus, and photodynamic therapy for epilepsy.

Main Results:

HybF demonstrated low bending stiffness (~0.3 N/m) and high conductivity (~97 S/m at 1 kHz) for high-quality neural signal recording (SNR ~10).
Successful optogenetic stimulation of hippocampal neurons and behavioral manipulation in rats.
Instantaneous elimination of abnormal electrical discharges in epilepsy model using photodynamic therapy without cognitive impairment.

Conclusions:

HybF offers a promising platform for advanced brain-machine interfaces, enabling multimodal neural interaction.
The developed photodynamic therapy strategy presents a novel approach for treating neurological disorders like epilepsy.
This work establishes a new paradigm for deep brain manipulation and degenerative disease treatment, advancing bioelectronic devices.