Effect of histone deacetylases on pancreatic physiology and pathology: a review

Xinran Song1, Xiaofeng Wu2, Jun Yang3

  • 1Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.

Insights

Pancreatic diseases are rising globally. Targeting histone deacetylases (HDACs) offers new therapeutic strategies for pancreatic diseases, including combination therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Pancreatic diseases incidence is increasing worldwide, necessitating novel therapeutic targets.
  • Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play crucial roles in pancreatic physiology and disease.
  • Epigenetic regulation by HDACs impacts various vital activities within the pancreas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of HDACs in distinct pancreatic cell types.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting HDACs for pancreatic diseases.
  • To discuss HDAC inhibitors as a potential combination therapy strategy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of HDAC functions in pancreatic cells.
  • Analysis of therapeutic strategies targeting HDACs.
  • Evaluation of HDAC inhibitors in combination therapy contexts.

Main Results:

  • HDACs are implicated in diverse physiological and pathological processes in the pancreas.
  • Targeting HDACs presents a promising avenue for novel pancreatic disease treatments.
  • HDAC inhibitors show potential for synergistic effects in combination therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding HDAC roles is key to developing advanced pancreatic disease treatments.
  • Targeting HDACs offers new therapeutic and diagnostic possibilities.
  • Combination therapies involving HDAC inhibitors may improve patient outcomes.

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
173
Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas01:16

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas

The pancreas, a vital organ within the abdominal cavity, plays dual roles in the digestive and endocrine systems, collaborating with exocrine and endocrine cells to maintain optimal digestion and blood sugar levels.
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
2.9K
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
1.4K
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
186
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
1.3K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
14.2K