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Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
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Challenges in Providing Parenting Support for Parents With Intellectual Disabilities in Japan.

Emiko Tanaka1, Kinuko Sugiura2, Marja W Hodes3

  • 1Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan.

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Japan is beginning to address outdated eugenics myths concerning sexuality and parenting for individuals with intellectual disabilities. This study highlights the need for specialized support and policy changes in Japan.

Keywords:
Japanintellectual disabilitiesparenting

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Area of Science:

  • Disability Studies
  • Sociology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited research exists on parenting by individuals with intellectual disabilities outside Western countries.
  • This paper addresses the knowledge gap by examining the situation in Japan.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current state of research and practice regarding parents with intellectual disabilities in Japan.
  • To relate Japanese findings to existing international research, primarily from Western nations.

Main Methods:

  • A review of Japanese research literature was conducted.
  • Japanese media information concerning parents with intellectual disabilities was also analyzed.
  • Findings were contextualized within the broader international research landscape.

Main Results:

  • Japan is starting to challenge eugenics-based myths surrounding sexuality and parenting for people with intellectual disabilities.
  • There is a growing recognition of the necessity for specialized support systems for these families.
  • Progress is being made in dispelling long-held societal misconceptions.

Conclusions:

  • Eight recommendations are proposed for advancing research, policy, and practice in Japan.
  • Key recommendations include eliminating discriminatory practices and increasing funding for essential support services.
  • Training for professionals and workers on evidence-based support is crucial.