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  1. Home
  3. Effects Of Depression Genetic Risk And Household Socioeconomic Status On Emotional Behavior And Brain Development In Early Adolescence.
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  3. Effects Of Depression Genetic Risk And Household Socioeconomic Status On Emotional Behavior And Brain Development In Early Adolescence.

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Effects of depression genetic risk and household socioeconomic status on emotional behavior and brain development in

Claire E Campbell1,2, W James Gauderman1, Megan M Herting1,3

  • 1Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
|June 4, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Socioeconomic status and depression genetic risk interact to affect youth brain and behavior, but these effects differ by genetic ancestry. This highlights the need for precision medicine in depression research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Depression is a leading global health burden, with early intervention improving outcomes.
  • Understanding pre-onset risks, including genetic and environmental factors, is crucial for early detection.
  • Limited research exists on the interaction between genetic predisposition and socioeconomic factors in depression onset.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the independent and interactive effects of family income-to-needs ratio (INR) and depression polygenic risk score (D-PRS) on youth behavior and brain characteristics.
  • To assess these effects in youth with European-like genetic ancestry and subsequently in non-European-like youth to ensure generalizability.
  • To identify potential variations in depression risk biomarkers across different genetic ancestries.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the U.S. based ABCD Study® longitudinal dataset, analyzing approximately 8,000 subjects aged 9-12 years.
  • Assessed the association between D-PRS, INR, and behavioral/brain measures in European-like youth.
  • Replicated analyses in non-European-like youth to examine generalizability and potential ancestry-related differences.

Main Results:

  • D-PRS showed associations with behavior and brain measures in European-like youth, with weaker associations in non-European-like youth.
  • A moderating effect of INR on D-PRS was observed for brain network connectivity.
  • Independent effects of INR were found in youth from lower socioeconomic statuses.

Conclusions:

  • Behavioral and brain biomarkers for depression risk are influenced by socioeconomic status and vary significantly by genetic ancestry.
  • Findings underscore the importance of considering genetic ancestry in depression research.
  • Emphasizes the need for precision-based medicine approaches for improved early detection and treatment of depression.