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A fully flexible joint lattice position and dose optimization method for LATTICE therapy.

Xin Tong1, Weijie Zhang1, Ya-Nan Zhu1

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, USA.

Arxiv
|June 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method for Lattice radiotherapy (LATTICE) that optimizes radiation dose delivery by flexibly placing treatment vertices. This approach improves tumor targeting and spares healthy tissue more effectively than conventional methods.

Keywords:
LATTICEPVDRSFRTinverse optimizationtreatment planning

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Area of Science:

  • Radiation Oncology
  • Medical Physics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Lattice radiotherapy (LATTICE) is a spatially fractionated radiation therapy (SFRT) technique delivering high doses to tumor vertices.
  • Conventional LATTICE methods use fixed, regular vertex placements, limiting adaptation to irregular tumors and critical organ proximity.
  • Optimizing vertex placement is crucial for precise targeting and minimizing healthy tissue damage, but current methods lack flexibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an advanced LATTICE treatment planning method enabling fully flexible vertex placement and joint dose optimization.
  • To enhance overall plan quality compared to traditional LATTICE planning with manual, regular vertex arrangements.

Main Methods:

  • A novel constrained optimization problem was formulated, incorporating flexible lattice vertex positions as optimization variables.
  • Constraints were added for inter-vertex distance and vertex-to-boundary proximity, adhering to LATTICE guidelines.
  • The optimization problem was solved using alternating direction method of multipliers and iterative convex relaxation techniques.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method (NEW) achieved comparable or superior plan quality to the best conventional LATTICE plans (BEST).
  • For photon LATTICE abdomen plans, the NEW method showed a 31.1% improvement in objective function F compared to the WORST plans.
  • The NEW method demonstrated significant improvements in target PVDR (96.0% from WORST) and OAR sparing (14.0% from BEST).

Conclusions:

  • A new LATTICE treatment planning approach with fully flexible joint lattice position and dose optimization has been developed.
  • This method effectively improves target PVDR and OAR sparing.
  • The findings suggest a significant advancement over conventional LATTICE methods relying on regular vertex placements.