Captive propagation of vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) in harems

Area of Science:

• Primate research
• Animal behavior
• Captive breeding programs

Background:

• Vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) are important models for biomedical research.
• Establishing and maintaining stable captive primate colonies is crucial for research continuity.
• Understanding the challenges of primate acclimatization is vital for ethical and successful captive management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the establishment and challenges of a new captive breeding colony of vervet monkeys in Kenya.
• To assess the habituation, adjustment, and reproductive success of these captive primates.
• To compare reproductive patterns with wild vervet monkey populations.

Main Methods:

• Establishment of ten single male harem groups of vervet monkeys.
• Observation of habituation and adjustment periods post-capture.
• Monitoring of breeding success, including pregnancy and livebirth rates.
• Analysis of birth seasonality in relation to wild populations.

Main Results:

• High initial mortality rates due to stress from capture and handling.
• Partial habituation achieved after six weeks; full adjustment required over a year.
• Difficulties in stabilizing breeding groups due to female aggression.
• High reproductive success in stabilized groups: ~90% pregnancies and 85% livebirths annually.
• Observed seasonal birth patterns consistent with wild Kenyan vervet monkeys.

Conclusions:

• Vervet monkeys require significant time and specific conditions for successful captive establishment.
• Despite initial challenges, stable harem groups can achieve high reproductive output.
• Captive breeding programs can successfully replicate seasonal breeding patterns observed in wild primate populations.