RAS/ERK signaling and PLK1: Coordinating developmental regulation and disease mechanisms

Han Bit Baek1, Swathi Arur1

  • 1Genetics and Epigenetics Program, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Insights

The RAS/ERK and Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) pathways intersect during development. Their interaction influences cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival, impacting developmental disorders and cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Signaling

Background:

  • The RAS/ERK pathway regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival, crucial for development.
  • Dysregulation of RAS/ERK signaling is linked to developmental disorders (RASopathies) and cancer.
  • Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is vital for cell cycle regulation during meiosis and mitosis and in development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the emerging links between RAS/ERK and PLK1 signaling pathways in development.
  • To highlight biological processes potentially governed by the interaction of these pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on RAS/ERK and PLK1 signaling.
  • Analysis of phenotypes associated with dysregulation in both pathways.
  • Identification of functional intersections and shared biological processes.

Main Results:

  • Abnormal ERK signaling can mimic phenotypes observed in PLK1 deficiency.
  • Suggests a functional intersection between RAS/ERK and PLK1 signaling.
  • This interaction impacts key developmental processes.

Conclusions:

  • The RAS/ERK and PLK1 pathways exhibit functional crosstalk during development.
  • Understanding this interaction is crucial for comprehending developmental disorders and cancer.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms governing their interplay.

Related Concept Videos

MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
6.2K
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
9.3K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
4.0K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
6.6K
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.8K
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
36.2K