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Genomics of host-microbiome interactions in humans
Pamela Ferretti1, Kelsey Johnson2,3, Sambhawa Priya1
1Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Nature Reviews. Genetics
|June 4, 2025
Summary
Human genetics significantly influences the microbiome
Area of Science:
- Microbiome research
- Human genetics
- Genomics
Background:
- The human microbiome is a complex microbial ecosystem vital for health.
- Microbiome composition is influenced by host genetics.
- Genomic technologies are advancing our understanding of host-microbiome interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the impact of human genetics on microbiome composition.
- To investigate the bidirectional relationship between host gene expression and the microbiome.
- To identify genetic mechanisms underlying host-microbiome interactions.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing advanced genomic technologies.
- Conducting heritability studies.
- Performing microbiome genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
- Employing transcriptomic analyses.
Main Results:
- Genomic studies quantify the effect of human genetics on the microbiome.
- Transcriptomic analyses reveal bidirectional host gene expression-microbiome relationships.
- Insights into genetic drivers of host-microbiome interactions are emerging.
Conclusions:
- Understanding genetic influences on the microbiome is key.
- Host-microbiome genetic interactions are complex and bidirectional.
- Findings pave the way for personalized medicine and targeted therapies.
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