Synergistic Dual-Interface Engineering in Perovskite Solar Cells via Chloramine Hydrochloride Molecular Bridges

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Renewable Energy
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) face efficiency and stability challenges due to interface defects.
• Effective passivation strategies are crucial for high-performance PSCs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce chloramine hydrochlorides (CAHs) as bifunctional molecules for simultaneous ETL/perovskite interface passivation.
• To investigate the role of CAHs in controlling perovskite crystallization and improving device performance.

Main Methods:

• Density functional theory (DFT) calculations to analyze molecular interactions.
• In situ characterization techniques to monitor perovskite formation and morphology.
• Fabrication and testing of PSC devices with CAH treatment.

Main Results:

• Tris(2-Chloroethyl)Amine Hydrochloride (TCEA) demonstrated strong Sn-Cl bonding and enhanced Sn⁴⁺ coordination.
• TCEA accelerated perovskite formation, suppressed PbI₂, and promoted larger grain growth.
• Achieved a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.25% with negligible hysteresis and 90% PCE retention after 1000h.

Conclusions:

• CAHs provide a universal molecular design for dual-interface engineering in PSCs.
• This strategy significantly enhances both the efficiency and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells.