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Genomic regions with deleterious mutations can form diversity troughs resembling selective sweeps during population bottlenecks or range expansions. Partially recessive mutations in low-recombination areas better preserve genetic diversity.

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associative overdominancebackground selectiondominance coefficientpseudo-overdominancerange expansion

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary genetics
  • Population genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Population bottlenecks and range expansions significantly impact species' genetic diversity.
  • Neutral variants can fix during these events, mimicking selective sweeps.
  • Previous studies focused on neutral variants, leaving the dynamics of deleterious variants less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamics of genomic diversity in functional regions with deleterious variants during bottlenecks and range expansions.
  • To determine how the dominance of deleterious mutations affects diversity patterns.
  • To compare diversity levels in regions with deleterious mutations versus neutral regions.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling range expansions as serial founder effects.
  • Analyzing the formation and properties of diversity troughs in regions with deleterious mutations.
  • Varying the dominance level of deleterious mutations (co-dominant, recessive, partially recessive).
  • Considering the influence of recombination rates and selection coefficients.

Main Results:

  • Functional regions with deleterious variants can form diversity troughs similar to selective sweeps.
  • The number of troughs increases more rapidly with co-dominant than recessive deleterious mutations.
  • Genetic diversity declines slower in regions with partially recessive mutations compared to co-dominant or neutral regions.
  • These effects are more pronounced in low-recombination regions and with intermediate selection coefficients.

Conclusions:

  • Deleterious mutations, particularly partially recessive ones, can shape genomic diversity patterns during population size changes.
  • Functional, low-recombination regions may act as reservoirs of genetic diversity during range expansions if most deleterious mutations are partially recessive.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for predicting evolutionary trajectories and conserving genetic diversity.