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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Food Intake01:30

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Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
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Hunger and thirst are fundamental physiological drives crucial for maintaining homeostasis and ensuring the survival of both humans and animals. These drives are regulated through complex interactions between the brain, hormones, and sensory receptors.
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Postnatal hyperosmolality alters development of hypothalamic feeding circuits with context-specific changes in

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Early life dehydration impacts brain circuits controlling hunger and thirst. This can disrupt feeding and drinking behaviors later in life, affecting energy and fluid balance.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Homeostasis

Background:

  • Drinking and feeding are critical homeostatic processes.
  • The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) integrates energy and fluid balance signals.
  • Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons signal hunger and are influenced by nutrition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental coordination of dehydration and feeding signals in the PVH.
  • To determine how early fluid perturbations affect the development of ingestive behavior circuits.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized TRAP2;Ai14 mice and Fos labeling.
  • Examined neuronal responses in the PVH and median preoptic nucleus (MEPO) to water deprivation and feeding stimuli.
  • Assessed developmental timing of neural inputs and adult ingestive behaviors.

Main Results:

  • Dehydration-sensitive neural inputs to the PVH develop earlier than AgRP hunger neuron inputs.
  • Neonatal osmotic hyperstimulation enhanced adult AgRP inputs to the PVH.
  • Early dehydration led to disrupted feeding and drinking behaviors in adulthood, particularly with high-fat diets.

Conclusions:

  • Development of feeding circuits is influenced by both nutritional and early fluid homeostasis signals.
  • Early life disruptions in fluid balance can have lasting consequences on ingestive behavior coordination.