Self-neglect among older adults living alone in rural China: a latent profile analysis

Research on self-neglect in older adults often overlooks rural populations, especially those living alone. Existing studies rely heavily on scores, ignoring group distinctions and limiting intervention effectiveness. This study aims to examine self-neglect profiles, characteristics, and associated factors among rural older adults living alone.

We surveyed 499 rural older adults living alone in Southwest China using convenience sampling. Profile analysis and logistic regression were employed to explore self-neglect profiles and associated factors.

Three distinct self-neglect categories were identified: "low self-neglect-high medical healthcare self-neglect" (59.32%), "high overall self-neglect" (18.64%), and "high emotional self-neglect" (22.04%). Gender, ethnicity, family functioning, and social isolation were associated with self-neglect profiles.

Rural older adults living alone exhibit specific self-neglect characteristics. Primary healthcare workers can develop tailored interventions based on these profiles to address this issue effectively.