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How the ionic liquid [C₂C₁Im][OTf] affects the stability of Pt(111) during potential cycling.

Felix Hilpert¹, Yunsheng Qiu², Leopold Lahn^3,2,4

¹Interface Research and Catalysis, ECRC, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany. olaf.brummel@fau.de.

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Summary

Ionic liquids (ILs) significantly alter platinum (Pt) electrochemical stability. The IL [C2C1Im][OTf] accelerates Pt dissolution during oxidation-reduction cycles, yet has minimal impact on surface morphology changes.

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Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Materials Science
Surface Chemistry

Background:

Ionic liquids (ILs) are tunable solvents with potential applications in electrocatalysis.
Electrocatalyst stability is crucial for efficient electrochemical reactions.
Platinum (Pt) is a key electrocatalyst, but its stability can be a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([C2C1Im][OTf]) on the electrochemical stability of Pt(111).
To understand the mechanisms of Pt dissolution and morphological changes during oxidation-reduction cycles (ORCs) in the presence and absence of the IL.

Main Methods:

Electrochemical techniques: Cyclic Voltammetry (CV).
In situ monitoring: Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (EC-STM).
Data analysis: Algorithmic pattern recognition.

Main Results:

In acidic electrolyte (0.1 M HClO4), Pt(111) undergoes cathodic transient dissolution and cluster formation during ORCs without IL.
The presence of [C2C1Im][OTf] increases Pt dissolution rate by fivefold and introduces an anodic dissolution pathway.
Despite increased dissolution, morphological changes and adsorption site formation are minimally affected by the IL.

Conclusions:

The ionic liquid [C2C1Im][OTf] significantly enhances Pt(111) dissolution during ORCs.
Morphological changes are primarily driven by the formation and reduction of an amorphous oxide layer, overshadowing dissolution-redeposition effects.
ILs can profoundly impact electrocatalyst stability, necessitating careful consideration in catalyst design.