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Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

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Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

19.0K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers

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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
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Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids
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From Binary to Higher-Order Organic Cocrystals: Design Principles and Performance Optimization.

Jia-Hao Jiang1, Shuai Zhao2, Yanqiu Sun1

  • 1School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou Jiangsu, 215009, P.R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|June 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Higher-order organic cocrystals offer enhanced properties and diverse applications, moving beyond binary structures. Challenges in synthesis and stability need addressing for wider use in areas like solar cells and drug design.

Keywords:
Deep learningIntermolecular interactionsIsostructural substitutionMolecular packingOrganic cocrystals

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Organic cocrystals, especially higher-order structures, are gaining attention for tunable properties.
  • Binary cocrystals utilize interactions like π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding for controlled packing and optoelectronics.
  • Higher-order cocrystals (3+ components) offer increased complexity and functional diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the evolution from binary to higher-order organic cocrystals.
  • To highlight strategies for synthesizing advanced cocrystal structures.
  • To discuss the potential applications and challenges of higher-order cocrystals.

Main Methods:

  • Review of synthesis strategies including homologation, hierarchical interactions, and Synthon Aufbau Modules.
  • Analysis of intermolecular interactions governing cocrystal formation.
  • Exploration of computational methods like deep learning for cocrystal prediction.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of precise control over molecular packing and optoelectronic properties in binary cocrystals.
  • Facilitation of complex and diverse functionalities through higher-order cocrystal design.
  • Identification of key applications in deep learning, drug design, organic solar cells, and NIR-II photothermal conversion.

Conclusions:

  • Higher-order organic cocrystals represent a significant advancement over binary systems.
  • Successful synthesis and application depend on overcoming challenges in molecular screening, ratio optimization, scalability, and stability.
  • Further research into higher-order cocrystals is crucial for unlocking their full potential in advanced material applications.