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Women who use adaptive emotion regulation strategies like reappraisal have a higher likelihood of favorable cardiovascular health (CVH). Maladaptive strategies like suppression are linked to lower CVH, highlighting the importance of emotional coping for heart health.

Keywords:
cardiovascular healthcopingemotion regulationreappraisalsuppression

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Psychology
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women.
  • Emotion regulation strategies, such as reappraisal (adaptive) and suppression (maladaptive), are linked to cardiovascular disease risk.
  • Favorable cardiovascular health (CVH) is a holistic measure beyond disease absence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the individual and combined effects of reappraisal and suppression on favorable CVH over time in postmenopausal women.
  • To determine if adaptive versus maladaptive emotion regulation strategies predict long-term cardiovascular health outcomes.
  • To explore the relationship between emotion regulation and a comprehensive definition of CVH.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 28,759 postmenopausal women from the Nurses' Health Study II was analyzed.
  • Emotion regulation strategies (reappraisal, suppression) were assessed using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire.
  • Favorable CVH was defined by multiple factors including hypertension, cholesterol, diabetes, BMI, and smoking status, assessed at baseline and follow-up.
  • Poisson regression models were used to evaluate the relative risk of favorable CVH based on emotion regulation strategies.

Main Results:

  • Greater use of reappraisal was associated with a higher likelihood of favorable CVH (RR=1.07).
  • Greater use of suppression was associated with a lower likelihood of favorable CVH (RR=0.96).
  • Women using both strategies frequently or favoring reappraisal over suppression showed increased likelihood of favorable CVH compared to those using both less.

Conclusions:

  • The use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies (reappraisal) is positively associated with favorable cardiovascular health in women.
  • Maladaptive strategies (suppression) are negatively associated with favorable cardiovascular health.
  • Emotion regulation plays a significant role in maintaining cardiovascular health among women.