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Related Concept Videos

The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Teeth01:15

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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
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Aging01:26

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Assessment of the Mouth01:26

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A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
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Mitochondria01:37

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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
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Human oral microbiome in aging: A systematic review.

Elena Carbone1, Elisa Fabrizi2, Roberto Rivabene3

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome 00161, Italy; Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari 720121, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy.

Mechanisms of Ageing and Development
|June 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The aging human oral microbiome shows increased periodontal pathogens and decreased bacterial diversity. Further research is needed to understand microbiome changes and their impact on aging and health.

Keywords:
AgingMicrobiomeRelative taxa abundance chronic non- communicable diseasesSaliva oralSystematic reviewαβ -diversity

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gerontology
  • Oral Health

Background:

  • Global population aging increases focus on chronic non-communicable diseases.
  • Traditional risk factors include diet, exercise, and lifestyle.
  • Emerging research explores the oral microbiome's role in health and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the association between the human oral microbiome and aging.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase.
  • Included 6 studies from 3490 records.
  • Qualitative assessment using the Revised Risk of Bias Assessment Tool.

Main Results:

  • Oral microbiome composition shows similarity across age groups.
  • Increased presence of periodontal pathogens observed in older individuals.
  • Decreased bacterial species richness and alpha-diversity with advancing age.

Conclusions:

  • Aging is associated with specific changes in the oral microbiome, including increased pathogens and reduced diversity.
  • Further research is necessary to address confounding factors, sample size, and gender differences.
  • Elucidating the role of oral microbiome alterations in general health requires more investigation.