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What deters GPs from talking about sexual assault? a qualitative interview study
Fiona Elizabeth van Zyl-Bonk1, Antoinette Leonarda Maria Lagro-Janssen2, Anna Maria Cornelia Henrica de Klein2
1Department of Primary and Community Care, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands fiona.vanzyl-bonk@radboudumc.nl.
Summary
General Practitioners (GPs) find discussing sexual assault challenging due to biomedical focus and emotional discomfort. Training is recommended to improve recognition and discussion of sexual assault with survivors.
Area of Science:
- General Practice
- Sexual Health
- Medical Education
Background:
- Sexual assault has profound somatic, psychological, and social health consequences.
- Survivors often present symptoms to General Practitioners (GPs) without disclosing the assault.
- GPs may lack skills to identify and discuss intimate partner violence (IPV), impacting care quality, raising questions about sexual assault care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore General Practitioners' (GPs) experiences with identifying and discussing sexual assault.
- To understand the barriers and facilitators GPs encounter when addressing sexual assault with patients.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative study utilizing semi-structured interviews with 14 GPs in the Netherlands.
- Thematic analysis was applied to transcribed interview data collected between March and August 2023.
Main Results:
- GPs acknowledged the importance of discussing sexual assault but predominantly reported barriers.
- Professional barriers included a biomedical approach and problem-solving fixation; emotional resistance and discomfort were also significant.
- Gender-specific challenges emerged: female doctors overlooked male victims, and male doctors feared causing harm to female victims.
Conclusions:
- This study illuminates the difficulties GPs face in discussing sexual assault.
- Training addressing identified professional and emotional barriers is crucial for enhancing GPs' competence in recognizing and discussing sexual assault with survivors.
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