Incidence, Predictors, and Outcomes of Complete Angina Relief in Symptomatic Patients in the ISCHEMIA Trial
Ayesha Singh1, Jack C S Rodman2, David L Brown3
1Department of Medicine University of Southern California+Los Angeles General Medical Center, Keck Medicine of USC Los Angeles CA USA.
Insights
Revascularization achieved complete angina relief in 70% of chronic coronary disease patients, versus 50% with conservative therapy. Complete angina relief did not impact long-term cardiovascular death or myocardial infarction rates.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Interventional Cardiology
- Clinical Trials
Background:
- Chronic coronary disease patients experience less angina with revascularization plus optimal medical therapy (OMT) versus OMT alone.
- Patients seek to understand individual likelihood of complete angina relief for treatment strategy selection.
- The ISCHEMIA trial investigated complete angina relief in symptomatic patients undergoing invasive or conservative management.
Purpose of the Study:
- Determine the incidence of complete angina relief in symptomatic chronic coronary disease patients.
- Identify predictors of complete angina relief with invasive (revascularization + OMT) and conservative (OMT alone) strategies.
- Assess the outcomes of complete angina relief on cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction.
Main Methods:
- Angina assessed using Seattle Angina Questionnaire Angina Frequency (AF) score.
- Analyzed patients with baseline angina in invasive (revascularization) and conservative (OMT alone) arms.
- Primary outcome: angina status at 12 months (complete relief: AF=100; persistent angina: AF<100).
- Secondary outcome: composite of cardiovascular death/myocardial infarction at 5 years.
Main Results:
- Complete angina relief achieved in 70% of revascularization patients vs. 50% of conservative therapy patients at 12 months.
- Predictors of relief included younger age, male sex, recent angina onset, nonsmoking, CABG, and less baseline angina.
- No difference in 5-year cardiovascular death/myocardial infarction rates between patients with or without complete angina relief.
Conclusions:
- Complete angina relief was achieved in 70% of revascularization patients and 50% of conservative therapy patients.
- Achieving complete angina relief did not influence long-term cardiovascular death or myocardial infarction outcomes.
- Individual angina relief likelihood varies between invasive and conservative management strategies.
Background:
Patients with chronic coronary disease experience less angina with revascularization plus optimal medical therapy compared with optimal medical therapy alone. However, patients may prefer to better understand their individual likelihood of complete angina relief associated with each treatment approach before selecting a strategy. We therefore sought to determine the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of complete angina relief in symptomatic patients treated with invasive management using revascularization plus optimal medical therapy or conservative therapy with optimal medical therapy alone in the ISCHEMIA (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches) trial.
Methods:
Angina was assessed using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire Angina Frequency (AF) score. We analyzed patients in the invasive management treatment arm with angina at baseline (Seattle Angina Questionnaire Angina Frequency <100) who underwent revascularization and all patients in the conservative therapy arm with angina at baseline. The primary outcome was angina status at 12 months defined as a Seattle Angina Questionnaire Angina Frequency=100 (complete angina relief) or Seattle Angina Questionnaire Angina Frequency <100 (persistent angina). The association of angina status with the composite of cardiovascular death/myocardial infarction was assessed at 5 years.
Results:
Among 1376 patients in the conservative therapy arm with angina at baseline, 50% experienced complete angina relief at 12 months. Independent predictors included older age, male sex, recent angina onset, and less baseline angina. Among 1158 patients who underwent revascularization, 70% achieved complete angina relief. Predictors included younger age, nonsmoking, coronary artery bypass graft, and less baseline angina. Cardiovascular death/myocardial infarction rates at 5 years did not differ between patients with or without complete angina relief.
Conclusions:
Complete angina relief at 12 months in symptomatic patients with chronic coronary disease was achieved in 70% of patients undergoing revascularization and 50% of patients treated ith conservative therapy and did not influence cardiovascular death/myocardial infarction outcomes.
Registration:
https://ischemiatrial.org/; ISCHEMIA Trial. Accession Number HLB02742323a.
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