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Lon-dependent proteolysis in oxidative stress responses

Kubra Yigit1, Peter Chien1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.

Journal of Bacteriology
|June 6, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause oxidative stress, damaging cells. The Lon protease helps by degrading damaged proteins, but universal rules for this process remain unclear.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Oxidative stress, caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), damages cellular components.
  • Efficient protein quality control is crucial for cellular health.
  • The Lon protease is a key ATP-dependent protease implicated in managing cellular damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted role of the Lon protease in oxidative stress responses.
  • To explore Lon's involvement in degrading oxidized proteins.
  • To examine Lon's regulation of antioxidant pathways and metal homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing studies across diverse organisms.
  • Analysis of substrate recognition mechanisms, including structural changes.
  • Investigation of redox-dependent regulation of Lon protease activity.

Main Results:

  • Lon protease degrades oxidized proteins, mitigating oxidative stress.
  • Lon influences antioxidant pathways and modulates heme and Fe-S cluster homeostasis.
  • Substrate recognition by Lon can involve structural alterations and redox-sensitive regulation.

Conclusions:

  • The Lon protease is vital for oxidative stress tolerance.
  • Despite its importance, universal mechanisms for Lon-mediated degradation of damaged proteins during oxidative stress are not yet established.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise rules governing Lon's function in this context.
Keywords:
AAA+ proteaseLonbacteriacarbonylationiron homeostasismitochondriaoxidative stressquality controlredox

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