The Interface Effect of Electrospun Fiber Promotes Wound Healing

Chronic wounds pose a major healthcare challenge, involving complex endogenous biochemical processes and cellular immune responses from trauma. Electrospinning is a simple, cost-efficient technique to produce nanofibers with adjustable size, shape, and chemical properties. These nanofibers can mimic the structure and function of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), creating a physiological microenvironment that aids wound healing and hemostasis. This review first analyzes the pathophysiological features of diabetic wounds. It then explores the principles, methods, and material processing of electrospinning, focusing on its wound repair mechanisms. The application of tissue engineering in wound repair is discussed, along with significant advancements in electrospinning technology over the past 10 years. Particular emphasis is placed on multifunctional electrospun materials for diabetic wound healing. Finally, the review forecasts the technology's future development and potential in wound care, aiming to offer a comprehensive understanding of electrospinning's role in chronic wound treatment.