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Programmable seconds-to-days-long delayed snapping in jumping metashells.

Haitao Qing1, Caizhi Zhou1, Fangjie Qi1

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 6, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel autonomous delayed-jumping metashell. This shape-shifting structure offers programmable, time-regulated motion for applications like seed dispersal.

Keywords:
autonomous jumpingdelayed snappingmonostabilitysustainable seeding devicesviscoelastic shell structure

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Robotics
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Shape-shifting structures lack programmable, time-regulated motion after stimulus removal.
  • Achieving autonomous, clock-like spatiotemporal control in such materials is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an autonomous delayed-jumping metashell with programmable, time-regulated shape-shifting capabilities.
  • To address the limitations of current shape-shifting structures in achieving controlled, delayed motion.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of viscoelastic materials with monostable architected structures.
  • Incorporation of tunable prestored elastic energy to create an internal time clock.
  • Design of a metashell capable of autonomous delayed snapping and jumping.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated programmable autonomous delayed snapping and jumping after actuation removal, with delays ranging from seconds to 2.4 days.
  • Observed a decrease in jumping heights from over 9 to 0.5 body heights.
  • Successfully utilized the metashell in autonomous explosive seed dispersal devices for wide-area distribution.

Conclusions:

  • The developed metashell offers a novel strategy for autonomous spatiotemporal shape-shifting.
  • This technology enables programmable, delayed motion crucial for advanced applications.
  • Potential applications span robotics, morphing matter, ecology, and intelligent systems.