Co-regulation of miRNA and lncRNA on immunosuppression gene: unveiling the regulatory networks in cancer

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Published on: April 25, 2022

A G Dharini1, Priyatharcini Kejamurthy1, K T Ramya Devi1

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids
|June 6, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Cancer cells use immune suppression genes to hide from the immune system. Non-coding RNAs, like microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play a key role in this evasion, offering potential therapeutic targets to boost anti-tumour immunity.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cancer cells evade immune detection by activating immune suppression genes (e.g., CTLA-4, TGF-β, PD-L1).
  • Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are increasingly recognized for their regulatory roles in immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the complex interactions between miRNAs, lncRNAs, and immune suppression genes in cancer.
  • To explore how these non-coding RNAs contribute to cancer immune evasion.
  • To examine the therapeutic potential of targeting these regulatory networks for cancer immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on non-coding RNAs and cancer immune suppression.
  • Analysis of miRNA and lncRNA mechanisms in regulating immune genes.
  • Examination of current therapeutic strategies and challenges in modulating non-coding RNAs for anti-tumour immunity.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs post-transcriptionally regulate immune gene expression.
  • lncRNAs act as scaffolds, sponges, or regulators, influencing immune responses.
  • These non-coding RNAs are integral to cancer's ability to suppress the immune system.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the interplay of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and immune suppression genes provides insights into cancer immune evasion.
  • Targeting these non-coding RNA networks offers novel therapeutic avenues to enhance anti-tumour immunity.
  • Modulating non-coding RNAs may improve the efficacy of existing cancer immunotherapies by restoring immune surveillance.
Keywords:
immune suppressionimmunotherapylncRNAmiRNAtumour microenvironment

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