Recent advancements in glycopolymer-based sustainable biomaterials for biomedical sensing

Glycopolymer-based biomaterials have appeared as a reliable and adaptable framework for biomedical sensing applications by integrating the bioactivity of carbohydrate moieties with the structural variety of synthetic polymers. These substances enable precise interactions with the biomolecules, such as proteins, enzymes, and pathogens, by resembling the natural glycoconjugates. The recent advancements in glycopolymer synthesis have led us to design highly advanced and functional biomaterials. These innovations include the assimilation of the glycopolymers into nanostructures, conductive matrices, and hydrogels that significantly enhance the sensor's selectivity, stability, and sensitivity. This review highlights cutting-edge developments in glycopolymer-based biosensors for detecting critical biomarkers, such as glucose, proteins, and disease-associated antigens. Glycopolymers are also being studied for their integration into sophisticated sensing platforms, including microfluidic systems and nanostructured surfaces. Recent breakthroughs have concentrated on the development of glycopolymers employing biodegradable and bio-based monomers using green polymerization processes. These advancements have improved the environmental friendliness and biocompatibility of glycopolymers, making them more appealing for long-term biomedical sensor applications. Also, these developments demonstrate the revolutionary potential of glycopolymer-based biomaterials in addressing important healthcare issues.