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Cytomegalovirus: An undervalued biological parameter of cognition in schizophrenia

Zifan You1, Liangliang Wang1, Shanshan Chen1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, PR China.

Brain Research
|June 6, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is linked to cognitive impairment in schizophrenia (SCZ). This review explores CMV

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • The brain's immune privilege is challenged by infections, leading to neuroinflammation.
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a pathogen implicated in various neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ).
  • Cognitive deficits are a hallmark of SCZ, and CMV's role is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the impact of CMV infection on cognitive function in individuals with SCZ.
  • To establish a theoretical framework for understanding CMV-associated cognitive deficits in SCZ.
  • To explore the relationship between CMV and SCZ for insights into pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating the intersection of SCZ and CMV infection.
  • Analysis of recent findings on CMV's association with cognitive impairment in SCZ.
  • Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate causal relationships between CMV biomarkers and cognitive features in SCZ.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests an association between CMV infection and cognitive impairment in SCZ.
  • CMV-related neuropathology and neuroimaging findings are linked to the pathogenesis of cognitive deficits.
  • Therapeutic interventions for CMV in vivo are being explored.

Conclusions:

  • CMV infection may significantly contribute to cognitive deficits observed in schizophrenia.
  • Further research, including MR analysis, is needed to elucidate causal links between CMV and SCZ cognitive features.
  • Understanding the SCZ-CMV relationship offers potential for improved diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of schizophrenia.
Keywords:
Cognitive impairmentCytomegalovirusSchizophrenia

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