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Related Concept Videos

Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling01:11

Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling

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The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the...
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Tailor-Made Chitosan-Azovanillin Photochromic Schiff Bases for Antimicrobial Applications.

Akash Siotey1, Purnima Jain1, Unnati Singhania2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Dwarka, New Delhi 110078, India.

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|June 7, 2025
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Summary

New photochromic chitosan-Azo-Schiff bases show potent antimicrobial activity against human pathogens. These biodegradable, hemocompatible materials offer promising applications in biointerfaces.

Keywords:
AntibacterialSchiff baseantifungalazobenzenechitosan biomaterialphotochromism

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Functional biomaterials with responsive properties are crucial for antimicrobial applications.
  • Chitosan-based materials offer biodegradability and biocompatibility.
  • Photoresponsive polymers can be utilized for controlled drug delivery and biointerfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel photochromic chitosan-Azo-Schiff bases.
  • To evaluate the optical and photoresponsive properties of the synthesized materials.
  • To assess the antimicrobial efficacy and hemocompatibility of the developed biopolymers.

Main Methods:

  • Condensation reaction of chitosan with three azobenzene derivatives.
  • Characterization using FTIR, TGA, DSC, SEM, and XRD.
  • Absorption spectroscopy and UV illumination for optical and photoresponsive studies.
  • Antimicrobial activity testing (MIC90) against various fungi and bacteria.
  • Hemocompatibility assessment through hemolytic activity assays.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized and characterized chitosan-Azo-Schiff bases with good thermal stability and amorphous nature.
  • Observed significant photoresponsive behavior in ChS-Azo-O and ChS-azo-S derivatives upon UV illumination.
  • Demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against *Candida albicans*, *Staphylococcus aureus*, *Escherichia coli*, and other pathogens, outperforming some clinical drugs.
  • Exhibited excellent hemocompatibility with minimal hemolytic activity (<5%).

Conclusions:

  • Chitosan-Azo-Schiff bases are effective photoresponsive antimicrobial agents.
  • These biodegradable polymers show promise for developing advanced biointerface materials.
  • The developed materials offer a potential alternative to conventional antimicrobial therapies.