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The Reallocation of Sedentary Time Is Associated with Longitudinal Improvements in Cardiometabolic Outcomes during
Jasmin M Alves1, Britni R Belcher2, Kelsey L McAlister2
1Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
Insights
Replacing sedentary time with sleep may reduce insulin secretion, while vigorous physical activity can decrease body fat in children. These findings highlight movement behaviors
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Metabolic Research
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Childhood obesity and metabolic dysfunction are growing public health concerns.
- Understanding the impact of movement behaviors on cardiometabolic health is crucial for early intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between reallocating sedentary time to other movement behaviors and longitudinal changes in cardiometabolic outcomes in children.
- To apply isotemporal substitution modeling to quantify these associations over a 2-year period.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal study of 54 children with 2-year follow-up.
- Wrist-accelerometer data collected for 7 days at each visit.
- Isotemporal substitution modeling used to assess reallocating 30 minutes of sedentary time to sleep, light-activity, moderate-physical-activity, or vigorous-physical-activity.
- Cardiometabolic outcomes included BMI, body fat percentage, blood pressure, fasting insulin, c-peptide, and insulin resistance, adjusted for age, sex, and puberty.
Main Results:
- Reallocating sedentary time to sleep was associated with significant decreases in insulin secretion (β = -5.98, P < .01).
- Reallocating sedentary time to vigorous physical activity was associated with significant decreases in body fat percentage (β = -0.07, P = .01).
Conclusions:
- Sleep may be particularly beneficial for reducing insulin secretion in children.
- Vigorous physical activity may be effective in mitigating excessive body fat gains during childhood.
- Further interventional studies are warranted to confirm these findings and inform public health strategies.
Objective:
To use isotemporal substitution modeling to test how reallocating sedentary time to other movement behaviors is associated with longitudinal changes in cardiometabolic outcomes in children.
Study Design:
Fifty-four children from the BrainChild Longitudinal Study completed 2 study visits 2 years apart, in which fasting blood draws were collected, and children wore wrist-accelerometers for 7-days. Isotemporal substitution modeling was used to evaluate the impact of reallocating 30 minutes of sedentary time with other movement behaviors (light-activity, moderate-physical-activity, vigorous-physical-activity, and sleep) on changes in cardiometabolic outcomes (body mass index, body-fat percent, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting insulin, fasting c-peptide, and insulin resistance) over 2-years adjusted for child age, sex, and puberty.
Results:
The reallocation of sedentary time to sleep time was associated with larger decreases in insulin secretion 2 years later, β = -5.98 (95% CI: -10.13, -1.82, P < .01). The reallocation of sedentary time to vigorous-physical-activity was associated with larger decreases in body-fat percent 2 years later, β = -0.07 (95% CI: -0.11, -0.03, P = .01).
Conclusions:
These results suggest that sleep may be particularly beneficial for reducing excessive insulin secretion while vigorous physical activity may be beneficial for reducing excessive gains in body fat during childhood. Future interventional studies are needed to confirm these study findings.
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