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Smart nanoparticles for responsive drug delivery in Diabetes: Advances, Challenges, and future Perspectives
Negin Karimzadeh Bajgiran1, Yavar Ahmadi2, Sima Majidi1
1Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran.
International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|June 8, 2025
Summary
Smart nanoparticles offer advanced diabetes management by enabling targeted, controlled drug delivery, overcoming limitations of traditional insulin injections. Future innovations include AI-driven personalized treatments and biodegradable systems for improved patient care.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Materials Science
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus (Type 1 and Type 2) poses a global health challenge.
- Conventional insulin therapy via injections has limitations including poor patient compliance and inaccurate dosing.
- Smart nanoparticle systems represent a novel approach to overcome these therapeutic challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current state and future potential of smart nanoparticle systems in diabetes management.
- To highlight advancements in nanoparticle-based drug delivery for improved therapeutic outcomes.
- To discuss innovative applications and emerging trends in nanoparticle technology for diabetes care.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of smart nanoparticle systems for diabetes treatment.
- Categorization of nanoparticles based on material composition (polymeric, inorganic, lipid-based, hybrid).
- Analysis of applications in glucose-responsive insulin delivery, oral insulin formulations, and theranostics.
Main Results:
- Smart nanoparticles enable targeted and controlled release of therapeutic agents, responding to diabetes-specific stimuli.
- Various nanoparticle classes show promise for enhanced insulin delivery and oral formulations.
- Theranostic systems integrating diagnostics and therapeutics offer combined monitoring and treatment capabilities.
Conclusions:
- Smart nanoparticles represent a significant advancement over traditional diabetes treatments.
- Future directions include AI integration for personalized dosing, wearable devices, and eco-friendly biodegradable nanoparticles.
- These innovations pave the way for more effective, patient-centered diabetes care.
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