Surface coil MR imaging of abdominal viscera. Part I. Theory, technique, and initial results

Prototype surface coil magnetic resonance (MR) images were obtained from phantoms and 42 subjects at 0.6 T to assess the feasibility of imaging relatively deep abdominal structures. Surface coil images demonstrated a two- to fourfold improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) when compared with whole-body coil images with the same resolution elements. This improvement in SNR allowed us to obtain images with thinner sections, higher in-plane resolution, or, alternatively, a decrease in image time. Compared with body images, surface coil images demonstrated greater anatomic detail and reduction in motion artifacts. Despite the limited field of view in very large patients, the use of surface coils improves the diagnostic capability of MR imaging of the abdomen.