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Updated: Jun 12, 2025

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Building consensus on prescribing self-directed occupational therapy activities: A Delphi study.

Anna Joy1, Alicia Devlin2, Natasha A Lannin3

  • 1Occupational Therapy Department, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia.

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal
|June 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Occupational therapists in Australia are developing self-practice programs for inpatient rehabilitation. These programs, combining supervised and self-directed activities, aim to improve patient outcomes through tailored interventions.

Keywords:
implementationoccupational therapyrehabilitationself‐management

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational therapy
  • Rehabilitation science

Background:

  • Occupational therapy practice emphasizes occupation-based interventions, integrating person, environment, and task.
  • Self-directed practice is a feasible component of therapy in Australian inpatient settings, even for individuals with cognitive impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore self-practice programs developed by occupational therapists for inpatient rehabilitation.
  • To establish core recommendations for implementing self-practice interventions in rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

  • A Delphi consensus study involving Australian occupational therapists.
  • Data collection through an online survey and two focus groups.
  • Content analysis to identify and refine recommendations for self-practice.

Main Results:

  • Variability in the implementation of self-practice programs was observed.
  • Neurological and general rehabilitation patients were most likely to engage in self-practice tasks.
  • Consensus was reached on key recommendations for prescribing self-practice activities.

Conclusions:

  • Occupational therapists' clinical reasoning and environmental considerations are crucial for effective self-practice.
  • Recommendations guide the development of goal-focused, client-centered self-practice interventions.
  • This study provides insights into current practices and supports the integration of self-practice into routine care.