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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Whirlwind Acoustic Vortex-Regulated Intelligent Microbots for Enhanced Uniform Drug Bioaccumulation to Boost Systemic

Zhen Ya1, Haitao Wu1, Wanlin Jia1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Engineered bacteria, modified with drugs, act as intelligent microbots for tumor therapy. Focused acoustic vortex (FAV) enhances drug delivery and triggers immune responses for improved cancer treatment.

Keywords:
cGAS‐STING pathwayfocused acoustic vortexinnate immunityintelligent microbotslarge tumorsuniform drug bioaccumulation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cancer Therapy

Background:

  • Nanomedicines struggle with delivery to large, hypoxic tumors.
  • Engineered bacteria offer potential as targeted tumor-colonizing microbots.
  • Current therapies require enhanced delivery and immune activation for efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop drug-loaded engineered bacteria for synergistic sono-chemotherapy.
  • To utilize focused acoustic vortex (FAV) for enhanced microbot regulation and tumor treatment.
  • To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of FAV-regulated microbots in large tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Modification of Escherichia coli (E.coli) with drug-loaded liposomes.
  • Application of whirlwind-focused acoustic vortex (FAV) for targeted irradiation.
  • Assessment of drug bioaccumulation, DNA damage, and immune pathway activation (cGAS-STING).

Main Results:

  • FAV irradiation led to enhanced and uniform drug bioaccumulation in large tumors.
  • FAV-regulated microbots induced significant DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and activated the cGAS-STING pathway.
  • Treatment initiated immunogenic cell death (ICD) and innate immunity activation.

Conclusions:

  • FAV-regulated intelligent microbots offer a synergistic strategy for sono-chemotherapy.
  • This approach enhances drug delivery, induces DNA damage, and activates anti-tumor immunity.
  • Combining FAV-sono-chemotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade reshapes the tumor microenvironment for improved immunotherapy.