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CD105 (Endoglin) Expression as a Prognostic Marker in Aggressive Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

İlker Çordan1, Tuğba Günler2

  • 1Internal Medicine Division, Endocrinology Department, Konya City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Konya, Turkey.

Clinical Endocrinology
|June 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

CD105 expression, a marker of neoangiogenesis, can help differentiate benign thyroid nodules from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Higher CD105 microvascular density (MVD) scores indicate increased metastasis risk in PTC patients.

Keywords:
CD105 (Endoglin)lymph node metastasismicrovascular densitypapillary thyroid carcinomaprognostic markerthyroid follicular nodular disease

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid cancer, with most cases having a good prognosis.
  • Aggressive PTC can metastasize to lymph nodes and distant organs, necessitating better diagnostic and prognostic markers.
  • CD105 (endoglin), a marker of neoangiogenesis, shows potential as a prognostic factor in various cancers but is understudied in PTC metastasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate CD105 (endoglin) expression for differentiating benign thyroid nodules from PTC.
  • To assess CD105's role in predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in PTC.
  • To correlate CD105 expression and microvascular density (MVD) with PTC prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of CD105 expression in 148 thyroid tissue samples (49 benign, 48 non-metastatic PTC, 51 metastatic PTC).
  • Classification of tissues based on CD105 expression and calculation of CD105 microvascular density (MVD) scores.
  • Comparison of clinical and pathological features across benign, non-metastatic, and metastatic PTC groups.

Main Results:

  • CD105 expression rates were significantly different: 8.2% in benign, 64.6% in non-metastatic PTC, and 80.4% in metastatic PTC.
  • Higher CD105 MVD scores were strongly associated with lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001).
  • All patients with distant organ metastasis showed CD105 expression and significantly higher MVD scores (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • CD105 expression is a valuable biomarker for distinguishing benign thyroid nodules from malignant PTC.
  • CD105 MVD scores can serve as a quantitative indicator of PTC aggressiveness and metastatic potential.
  • CD105 holds promise for improving the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic evaluation of thyroid nodules.