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People spontaneously track others' deductive inferences, even when not required, influencing their own judgments. This altercentric bias in reasoning suggests a default tendency to consider others' perspectives in social cognition.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Social Psychology
  • Theory of Mind

Background:

  • Social interactions necessitate understanding others' knowledge and deductive inferences.
  • Previous research shows we track inferences when goal-relevant, but not when unnecessary.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if people track others' deductive inferences when not required.
  • To determine if tracking unnecessary inferences affects one's own judgments.

Main Methods:

  • Four online experiments presented participants with scenarios involving an agent's deductive reasoning.
  • Participants rated outcome likelihood from self or agent perspectives.
  • Scenarios involved inferring conclusions by excluding locations.

Main Results:

  • An altercentric bias was observed in self-perspective judgments across three experiments.
  • Participants spontaneously encoded the agent's conclusions, even with multistep inferences.
  • Bias was absent under high task demands, suggesting resource dependency.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals spontaneously track others' deductive inferences, even when not necessary for task goals.
  • This capacity influences one's own judgments, demonstrating an altercentric bias.
  • The use of this social reasoning capacity may be dependent on cognitive resources.