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Structural Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike N-Terminal Domain Across Wild-Type and Recent Variants: A Comparative

Miriana Quaranta1, Allegra Via1, Stefano Pascarella1

  • 1Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Proteins
|June 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The SARS-CoV-2 virus N-Terminal Domain (NTD) evolves to evade immune responses, with mutations decreasing its net charge and reducing antibody binding effectiveness over time. This molecular evolution impacts viral transmission and immune evasion strategies.

Keywords:
4A8NTDSARS‐CoV‐2electrostatic surfaceflexibilityinteraction energymolecular dynamics

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