Prognostic Serum Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Level Value in Patients Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Biomarkers
• Trauma Research

Background:

• Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of global mortality and disability.
• There is a need for accessible and affordable biomarkers to predict TBI patient outcomes.
• Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) serum levels were investigated for prognostic significance in TBI.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prognostic significance of serum calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels in patients with TBI.
• To compare CGRP levels between mild/moderate TBI and severe TBI groups.
• To assess the association between CGRP levels and TBI severity.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional analytical study design.
• Measurement of serum CGRP levels at admission, 24 hours, and 1 week post-hospitalization.
• Classification of patients into mild/moderate (GCS 9-15) and severe (GCS 3-8) TBI groups based on admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores.

Main Results:

• 102 TBI patients were analyzed.
• Severe TBI patients exhibited higher CGRP levels at all measurement points.
• Admission CGRP levels ≥ 2 ng/L were found in 68.6% of mild/moderate TBI and 91% of severe TBI patients (p < 0.001).
• Logistic regression indicated a direct association between elevated CGRP levels and increased risk of severe TBI.

Conclusions:

• Increased serum CGRP levels are directly correlated with a higher risk of severe TBI.
• CGRP demonstrates potential as an easily accessible biomarker for predicting TBI prognosis.
• Further research is recommended to validate CGRP's role in TBI outcome prediction.