Environmental risk assessment of heavy metals in soil from multi-source pollution sources centered on landfills

The soil heavy metal pollution centered on landfills was often affected by the surrounding production and life. The traceability and risk assessment of different pollution sources were used to strengthen the scientific management of landfills and surrounding soils. Through literature review, field investigation and statistical methods, the environmental risk assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in landfill soil were studied. The results showed that Cr ((chromium)), Cd (cadmium), and Pb (lead) were typical soil heavy metals in the municipal solid waste landfills (MSW) in the study area. The Nemerow index of Cr was high, and the PI value reached 9.17, which was considered as serious pollution. Cd had potential ecological risks (E _r  > 40), while Cd, Cu (copper) and As (arsenic) were greatly affected by parent materials. The health risk values of As and Cd in the study area (1.074E-04 and 1.366E-04) exceeded the tolerable value (10^-4). Cr had high homology with Cd, Cu, Ni (nickel), and Pb, and was mainly derived from landfill and leachate leakage. Landfill, incineration plant and aquafarm were the main sources of heavy metals in this study.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40201-025-00943-3.