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Ultracompact multibound-state-assisted flat-band lasers.

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  • 1Centre for OptoElectronics and Biophotonics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering & The Photonics Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.

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|June 9, 2025
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Summary

Researchers developed a novel flat-band laser using bound states in the continuum. This ultracompact terahertz quantum cascade laser achieves a high quality factor, enabling efficient, single-mode operation for integrated optoelectronics.

Keywords:
Photonic devicesQuantum cascade lasersSlow light

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Laser Physics
  • Quantum Engineering

Background:

  • Miniature lasers are crucial for integrated optoelectronics but suffer from low quality (Q) factors due to losses in small cavities.
  • Achieving high Q factors in compact laser designs remains a significant challenge for high-performance devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a novel laser design overcoming Q factor limitations in ultracompact cavities.
  • To achieve stable, single-mode operation in a miniature laser with low threshold current density.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a flat-band laser design incorporating multiple bound states in the continuum (BICs).
  • Engineered a terahertz quantum cascade laser (TQCL) cavity for simultaneous three-dimensional light confinement.
  • Experimentally demonstrated the device and characterized its performance.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a high Q factor of approximately 1,440 in an ultracompact TQCL cavity (~3λ lateral size).
  • Demonstrated electrically pumped, single-mode operation with a low threshold current density.
  • Observed surface emission of a well-defined, directional beam.

Conclusions:

  • The multibound-state-assisted flat-band design enables high-performance miniature lasers.
  • This approach offers a pathway to energy-efficient, integrated, and ultracompact laser sources across various wavelength regimes.
  • The demonstrated technology is suitable for diverse optoelectronic applications.