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Analysis of Platelet Volume Indices and their utility in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Aadil Ahmed Mir1, Afaq Ahmed Khan2, Jan Mohd Sheikh1
1Department of Cardiology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Insights
Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) are elevated in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients. These platelet volume indices offer a simple, cost-effective method for early detection and risk stratification of myocardial infarction.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Hematology
- Biomarkers
Background:
- Elevated Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) shows potential as an early detection and prognostic marker for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).
- Platelet volume indices (PVI) are increasingly recognized for their role in cardiovascular disease prognostication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and analyze platelet volume indices (PVI) in patients diagnosed with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).
- To compare PVI in different ACS subgroups and with healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Complete blood count analysis including PVI was performed on blood samples from ACS patients.
- PVI of STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina (UA) groups were compared.
- ACS patient PVI were compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
Main Results:
- ACS patients exhibited significantly higher MPV (11.2±1.45 fL) compared to controls (8.9±1.12 fL).
- MPV was highest in STEMI (11.51±1.44 fL), followed by NSTEMI (10.83±1.51 fL), and lowest in UA (9.21±1.36 fL).
- Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) and Plateletcrit (PCT) were also significantly elevated in ACS patients compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- Platelet volume indices (PVI) serve as a valuable, simple, and cost-effective tool for predicting and managing acute coronary events.
- MPV and PDW demonstrate potential as preliminary tests for identifying patients at high risk of myocardial infarction.
Background:
Higher Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) may become useful marker for early detection and prognostication of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) along with other biomarkers.
Aim Of The Study:
To study and analyse platelet volume indices (PVI) in ACS patients.
Material And Methods:
The blood samples of patients diagnosed as acute coronary syndrome were analysed and complete blood count analysis were done including PVI. The PVI of different groups of acute coronary syndromes were compared with each other and to age and sex matched healthy controls.
Results:
The mean MPV of ACS group was 11.2±1.45 fL and was significantly higher than control group 8.9±1.12 fL. Among ACS cases mean MPV of STEMI was 11.51±1.44fL, in NSTEMI it was 10.83±1.51fL and in unstable angina (UA) it was 9.21±1.36 fL. Significantly higher in STEMI followed by NSTEMI than unstable angina. The mean PDW of ACS cases was 18.2±1.52fL and was significantly higher than control group 16.8±1.28fL. Among ACS cases it was significantly higher in STEMI 18.37±1.48fL than NSTEMI 17.91±1.46fL and it was significantly higher than UA group 17.04±1.88 fL. The mean PCT of ACS cases was 0.231±0.042% was significantly higher than controls 0.173±0.023%.
Conclusion:
PVI provides an important, simple, effortless, and cost-effective tool, which can be useful in predicting and prognosticating an acute coronary event. MPV and PDW has the potential to be used as a preliminary test to identify high-risk patients for myocardial infarction.
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