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Lithium-induced Ebstein's Anomaly.

Vijaykumar Gupta1, Priyavardhan Mishra2, Priyanka Mirdha3

  • 1Department of Physiology, Chirayu Medical College and Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Heart Views : the Official Journal of the Gulf Heart Association
|June 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ebstein's anomaly is a rare congenital heart defect where the tricuspid valve doesn't form correctly. This case highlights lithium exposure during pregnancy as a potential contributing factor in adolescents with undiagnosed Ebstein's anomaly.

Keywords:
Antenatal careEbstein’s anomalyatrialization of right ventriclecongenital cardiac defectlithium

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Teratology

Background:

  • Ebstein's anomaly (EA) is a rare congenital heart defect characterized by malformation of the tricuspid valve leaflets.
  • The etiology of EA is multifactorial, including genetic mutations (e.g., NKX2-5) and environmental factors.
  • Prenatal exposure to certain teratogens, such as lithium, has been implicated in congenital heart defects.

Observation:

  • This report details an adolescent male with an undiagnosed case of Ebstein's anomaly.
  • The patient had a history of lithium exposure during the critical period of organogenesis.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering teratogenic exposures in the etiology of congenital cardiac anomalies.

Findings:

  • The case presents a correlation between prenatal lithium exposure and the development of Ebstein's anomaly in an adolescent.
  • This highlights a potential, though not definitively proven, teratogenic link between lithium and EA.
  • The delayed diagnosis in adolescence suggests EA can present later in life.

Implications:

  • This case emphasizes the need for vigilance in identifying potential teratogenic causes of congenital heart defects.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which lithium may contribute to EA.
  • Clinicians should consider maternal lithium use during pregnancy when evaluating patients with Ebstein's anomaly.