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Published on: May 30, 2025
Chemically modified non-coding RNAs in cancer
Lulu Yang1, Boyang Wang1, Zhaohui Gong1,2
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, https://ror.org/03et85d35Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Background:
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are transcribed RNA molecules that do not encode proteins but regulate diverse biological processes. Dysregulation of ncRNAs is implicated in cancer, where chemical modifications such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C), and glycosylation critically influence their function. However, these modifications, as precise regulators of ncRNA activity, have been less well-documented and understood in tumorigenesis and cancer progression.
Methods:
This article systematically analyzes the roles of chemically modified ncRNAs - ribosomal RNA (rRNA), circular RNA (circRNA) and others - in cancer biology, synthesizingevidence from published studies on their mechanistic involvement in malignancy.
Results:
We reveal how specific chemical modifications drive oncogenesis, impact cancer diagnosis, and affect therapeutic responses, while also exploring their prognostic potential. Furthermore, we highlight emerging connections between ncRNA epitranscriptomics and cancer.
Conclusions:
This review provides novel insights into ncRNA epitranscriptomics as emerging biomarkers and intervention targets for precision oncology.
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