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Functional implications of primate enamel thickness.

S Molnar, D G Gantt

    American Journal of Physical Anthropology
    |May 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study reveals that thicker enamel and specific dental dimensions in primates, particularly humans, enhance tooth durability against abrasive diets. These findings support evolutionary theories on tooth morphology and masticatory function in hominids.

    Area of Science:

    • Primate Paleontology
    • Dental Anthropology
    • Evolutionary Biology

    Background:

    • Evolutionary interpretations of Hominoidea suggest links between tooth form, diet, and masticatory biomechanics.
    • Tooth durability is crucial for withstanding mastication of abrasive foods.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To systematically analyze dental dimensions and their functional relevance in primate dentition.
    • To investigate the relationship between enamel thickness, cusp morphology, and wear resistance.

    Main Methods:

    • Histological sections of post-canine teeth from nine primate species were analyzed.
    • Twenty-one dental dimensions were compared to assess functional relevance and wear resistance.

    Main Results:

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  • Specific dental dimensions were identified as crucial for withstanding dental wear.
  • Thicker enamel distribution correlated with observed wear planes.
  • Humans exhibited thicker enamel than pongids, while macaques had the thinnest enamel.

    • Conclusions:

    • Preliminary results support theories linking low, thick-enameled cusps in hominids to functional adaptations.
    • Dental morphology, particularly enamel thickness, plays a significant role in primate dietary adaptations and masticatory efficiency.