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Firearm Laws and Pediatric Mortality in the US
Jeremy Samuel Faust1, Ji Chen2, Shriya Bhat3
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Mass General Brigham, Division of Health Services Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA Pediatrics
|June 9, 2025
Summary
Firearm deaths in US children increased significantly in states with permissive gun laws after the 2010 McDonald v Chicago Supreme Court decision. Strict firearm laws were associated with decreased pediatric firearm mortality.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Legal Studies
Background:
- Firearm-related injuries are a leading cause of death for children and adolescents in the United States.
- The impact of the legal landscape on pediatric firearm mortality following the 2010 McDonald v Chicago Supreme Court decision remains understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify excess firearm mortality among US children (aged 0-17) subsequent to the 2010 McDonald v Chicago Supreme Court ruling.
- To analyze the association between state firearm regulations and pediatric firearm death rates.
Main Methods:
- Excess mortality analysis using CDC WONDER database (1999-2023).
- States categorized into three groups: most permissive, permissive, and strict firearm laws.
- Comparison of firearm mortality trends pre- and post-McDonald v Chicago decision (2010), by intent (homicide, suicide), and by race/ethnicity.
Main Results:
- The most permissive and permissive firearm law states experienced 6,029 and 1,424 excess pediatric firearm deaths, respectively, post-2010.
- Strict firearm law states showed a decrease of 55 excess deaths.
- Non-Hispanic Black populations faced the largest increase in firearm mortality in more permissive states. California, Maryland, New York, and Rhode Island (strict states) saw decreased pediatric firearm mortality.
Conclusions:
- States with more permissive firearm laws experienced higher pediatric firearm mortality after the McDonald v Chicago decision.
- Further research is needed to identify specific laws contributing to harm or protection.
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