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Mpox: current knowledge and understanding-a scoping review.

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Mpox outbreaks in 2022 and 2024 involved distinct virus clades. This review compares mpox (monkeypox virus) lineages

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mpox (monkeypox virus) infection caused a 2022 global public health emergency, primarily through human-to-human transmission in new regions.
  • Genomic analysis identified two subclades within clade II (clade IIa and IIb) of MPXV, distinct from previous West African isolates.
  • A second public health emergency was declared in 2024 due to increased cases of clade I MPXV.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding mpox lineage distinctions is crucial for effective public health responses.
  • Tailored strategies for vaccination, transmission control, and treatment are needed for different mpox clades.
  • Ongoing genomic surveillance is essential for monitoring mpox evolution and informing control efforts.