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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

26
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
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Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

35
Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
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Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

41
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
41
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

29
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
29
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

20
Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
20
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

33
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Candida albicans Detection in Catheter Infections Using Fluorescent Protein Tagging
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Candida endocarditis: current perspectives on diagnosis and therapy.

Ronen Ben-Ami1, Matteo Bassetti2, Emilio Bouza3

  • 1Infectious Diseases Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|June 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Candida infective endocarditis (CIE) is a serious condition with high mortality and relapse rates. Early multidisciplinary care and novel antifungal strategies are crucial for improving patient outcomes and preventing recurrence.

Keywords:
Antifungal therapyCandida infective endocarditisEchocardiographyFungal biomarkersSurgical management

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Candida infective endocarditis (CIE) is a rare but severe condition with high mortality (36-49%) and relapse rates.
  • Diagnosis is challenging due to intermittent negative blood cultures and limitations of current criteria.
  • Optimal diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, including imaging and follow-up, require further definition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis and management of CIE.
  • To focus on cardiac imaging, antifungal therapy challenges, surgical intervention impact, and follow-up strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search in PubMed using keywords: Candida endocarditis, fungal biomarkers, echocardiography, antifungal therapy, surgical management.
  • Inclusion of clinically relevant articles identified through searches and reference screening.

Main Results:

  • Echocardiography is the primary diagnostic tool, but risk stratification is exploratory.
  • Novel diagnostics like fungal biomarkers and PET/CT show promise but lack robust data.
  • Multimodal management involves prolonged antifungal therapy (echinocandins or liposomal amphotericin B plus flucytosine) and surgery; prosthetic valve infections may need lifelong suppressive therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Early multidisciplinary involvement is vital due to high mortality and recurrence.
  • Emerging antifungal resistance necessitates research into antibiofilm strategies and next-generation antifungals.