Synthetic methodologies to access skipped dienes: a focus on the catalytic systems

Area of Science:

• Organic Chemistry
• Synthetic Chemistry

Background:

• 1,4-Dienes, or skipped dienes, are prevalent in natural products and crucial synthetic intermediates.
• The synthesis of skipped dienes presents significant challenges in organic chemistry.
• Recent advancements have introduced highly stereoselective methods for constructing the 1,4-diene unit.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the latest advancements in the synthesis of skipped dienes.
• To highlight catalytic systems and reaction mechanisms involved in skipped diene synthesis.
• To cover methodologies published within the last five years.

Main Methods:

• Metal-mediated catalysis (e.g., Ru, Co, Rh, Ni, Pd, Cu, Au, Ca, Ti, Cr, Yb).
• Metal-free and organocatalyzed transformations.
• Synergistic/dual catalysis and metallaphotoredox catalysis.

Main Results:

• Emergence of highly stereoselective synthetic methodologies for 1,4-dienes.
• Diverse catalytic approaches, including transition metal, organocatalysis, and photoredox catalysis.
• Comprehensive overview of recent synthetic strategies for skipped dienes.

Conclusions:

• Significant progress has been made in stereoselective skipped diene synthesis.
• A wide array of catalytic systems are now available for constructing 1,4-dienes.
• This review provides a valuable resource for researchers in synthetic organic chemistry.