A nation in crisis: effects of Sudan's armed conflict on university professors, research scientists, and students

This cross-sectional study assessed Sudan's armed conflict impact on academicians and students, focusing on disruptions to professional, educational, and personal lives, including psychological trauma, displacement, and economic challenges. Using a mixed-methods approach, online questionnaires were distributed to 425 academicians and 539 students via social media and academic networks. Data were analysed to identify key trends and associations. The study reveals major disruptions: 65.9% of academicians faced salary cuts, 22.9% lost jobs, and 90.8% experienced property loss. Displacement affected 64% of academicians and 52% of students within Sudan, with many relocating abroad. Psychological distress was widespread, with 75.3% of academicians and 85% of students reporting stress, anxiety, or depression. Educational disruptions impacted 74.4% of students, hindered by limited internet and financial constraints. Despite challenges, 65.7% of participants wished to return to their institutions post-conflict. This study stresses the urgent need for economic, psychological, and educational support for affected academicians and students. Limitations, such as self-reported data and convenience sampling, may limit generalizability. Future research should explore longitudinal impacts and assess interventions to mitigate conflict's effects on education and mental health. The findings highlight the need for targeted support to rebuild Sudan's academic sector and address the long-term consequences of armed conflict.