Characteristics Associated With Disseminated Gonococcal Infections vs Uncomplicated Gonorrhea: A California
Kelly A Johnson1,2, Roshani Fernando1, Rosalyn Plotzker1,3
1Division of Communicable Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, California Department of Public Health, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Control Branch, Richmond, California, USA.
Summary
People not prioritized for routine gonorrhea screening, including heterosexual men, substance users, and older adults, face higher odds of disseminated gonorrhea. This highlights gaps in public health surveillance for sexually transmitted infections.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Gonorrhea (GC) remains a significant public health concern globally.
- Disseminated gonorrhea (GC) represents a more severe manifestation of infection.
- Current screening strategies may not adequately reach all at-risk populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify demographic and behavioral factors associated with an increased risk of disseminated gonorrhea.
- To evaluate disparities in gonorrhea (GC) outcomes based on routine screening prioritization.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of gonorrhea (GC) case data.
- Comparison of odds of disseminated versus uncomplicated GC.
- Inclusion of factors such as sexual orientation, substance use, and age.
Main Results:
- Individuals not prioritized for routine GC screening exhibited higher odds of disseminated disease.
- Specific risk groups identified include heterosexual men, people using substances, and older individuals.
- Significant odds ratios were observed for these non-prioritized groups.
Conclusions:
- Routine gonorrhea (GC) screening may need to be expanded to include under-prioritized populations.
- Targeted interventions are crucial for preventing severe outcomes of gonorrhea (GC).
- Public health strategies should address social determinants impacting STI risk and outcomes.
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